While enactment of the SHANTI Bill 2025 reflects strong policy focus in the nuclear energy sector. Achieving the 100 GW policy target will require timely execution, scaling advanced designs and fuel security, amid challenges like elevated capex costs and long gestation periods.

• India’s stated goal of 100-GW nuclear capacity by 2047 is ambitious and will require accelerated execution. At present, the installed nuclear power capacity stands at 8.8 GW, accounting for 2% share in the overall installed power generation capacity. With 13.6 GW of nuclear projects under implementation, ICRA expects total nuclear capacity to reach 22.4 GW by 2034.
• Recent enactment of The SHANTI1 Act, 2025, is likely to pave the way for the planned expansion of the Indian nuclear power capacity to 100 GW by 2047. It marks a structural shift from a PSU2-led model to permitting private firms. It also introduces a graded operator liability regime and limits supplier liability, thereby addressing key deterrents for private participation in the sector.